Highlights

• American Resources subsidiary ReElement Technologies signs MOU with Principal Mineral
• Goal: Establish integrated U.S. rare earth separation and metal production capability
• Proposed facility aims to create a vertically integrated midstream operation
• Operations to serve defense, AI, and energy markets with flexible and efficient rare earth processing
• Partnership seeks to reduce supply chain bottlenecks
• Intends to compete with China's dominance in rare earth element production

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American Resources Corporation (opens in a new tab) (NASDAQ: AREC) announced that its subsidiary ReElement Technologies (opens in a new tab) has signed a Memorandum of Understanding (MOU) with Principal Mineral Co. Inc. (opens in a new tab) to establish an integrated U.S.-based rare earth separation, fluoride, and metallization capability.

The Vision on Paper

According to the release, the alliance aims to:

• Co-locate facilities at one of several potential sites (Marion, Indiana; Camden, South Carolina; or another location).
• Unite ReElement’s refining platform, which processes end-of-life magnets, scrap, tailings, and mined concentrates, with Principal Mineral’s fluoride and metallization expertise.
• Create a vertically integrated midstream to serve defense, AI, and energy markets.
• Establish what executives call the “world’s most flexible and efficient” rare earth operation.

Mark Jensen (opens in a new tab) (CEO, ReElement) and Adam Johnson (opens in a new tab) (CEO, Principal Mineral) emphasized that eliminating bottlenecks and “handoffs” will lower costs, boost resilience, and secure supply for defense and industrial buyers.

What’s Unanswered

The MOU sets out an ambitious blueprint — but leaves investors with critical questions:

• Execution Risk: When will a site be selected, and how soon could a facility realistically be built and commissioned?
• Financing: Will this be equity-financed, government-backed, or reliant on defense contracts? The release is silent on cost and funding structure.
• Feedstock Certainty: ReElement’s technology processes diverse inputs, but how much reliable supply of recycled or mined material is secured?
• Customer Commitments: Beyond broad references to defense and AI, are there binding offtake agreements in place?

Competitive Context: Who’s Building What (and When)

• MP Materials (TX & CA): NdPr metal online; trial sintered magnets underway in Fort Worth with a ramp beginning late 2025 (~1,000 t/yr magnets target). MP markets itself as the U.S.’s first fully integrated mine-to-magnet operation (opens in a new tab).
• Lynas USA (TX): DoD-backed light RE separation and a planned heavy RE facility in TX; timelines have shifted, but the U.S. footprint remains strategic.
• Energy Fuels (UT): Produced NdPr oxide at commercial scale; kg-scale Dy (Aug ’25) and Tb (Q4 ’25) oxide pilots to support downstream users, with larger heavy-oxide ambitions.
• Ucore (LA): DoD awarded US$18.4M to build a RapidSX™ module at the Alexandria SMC; H2’26 commissioning targeted; Greenland feedstock supply deal news adds potential heavy-REE inputs.

USA Rare Earth (opens in a new tab) is also working on its mine-to-magnet program targeting the small to mid-sized market, which is vast in the USA alone.

Bottom line

ReElement–Principal Mineral would be another U.S. node aiming to bridge the gap between oxide and metal, where many projects stall—if it moves from MOU to financed, permitted, and built.

Investor Takeaway

This MOU reflects a serious intent to integrate the rare earth midstream in the U.S., from separation to metal production — a segment long dominated by China. If realized, it could reshape the U.S. supply chain landscape.

But as with all MOUs, the devil lies in execution: timelines, financing, and customer contracts will decide whether this becomes a game-changing facility or another aspirational announcement.  Of course, we are biased. Rare Earth Exchanges (REEx) was launched to facilitate and support the acceleration of the ex-China rare earth element supply chain. So we are encouraged by the news. On the other hand, our primary duty is to ensure investors have as much information as possible to make informed decisions. We include some of the diligence questions above and will track the progress.

Source: Accesswire / American Resources Corporation (Aug. 27, 2025), “ReElement and Principal Mineral Partner to Provide Integrated Rare Earth Separation and Metal Production Capability in the United States.”

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