Highlights

• University of Texas study reveals 11 million tons of rare earth elements in US coal ash waste.
• Potential $8.4 billion strategic asset could reduce US dependence on foreign REE imports.
• Domestic REE extraction from coal ash possible within 5-10 years, pending technological and regulatory challenges.

In a groundbreaking study published in the International Journal of Coal Science & Technology (opens in a new tab), researchers from the University of Texas at Austin report the discovery of up to 11 million tons of rare earth elements (REEs) embedded in coal ash across the United States—an untapped domestic resource worth an estimated $8.4 billion.

As reported by Andre Nalin for EVInfo.net (opens in a new tab) and syndicated by Guessing Headlights, the study shows that this coal combustion waste—long considered an environmental liability—could instead serve as a vital strategic asset for the U.S., which currently imports 100% of its REE supply, 75% from China.

 The study highlights regional variations: Appalachian Basin coal ash contains the highest rare earth element (REE) content, while Powder River Basin ash offers the most extractable material. Backed by the Department of Energy and commercial pilot projects led by firms like Texas-based Element USA (opens in a new tab), this finding signals a promising new pathway to domestic REE independence, though technical, economic, and regulatory challenges remain before this “waste-to-resource” pipeline can be scaled.

The United States is several years away—likely 5 to 10 years—from utilizing recycled coal ash as a significant source of rare earth elements (REEs) at an industrial scale, depending on technology validation, funding, permitting, and market dynamics.