Highlights

• Trump's second administration has deployed aggressive industrial policy tools, including over $700 million in federal loans, warrants, and equity participation, to address America's critical mineral supply chain vulnerabilities with unprecedented urgency.
• Political optics emerge as a material risk, as multiple federally-backed projects intersect with Trump family investment networks (1789 Capital, Vulcan Elements), creating concerns about policy durability despite no evidence of wrongdoing.
• REEx argues that the strategy is correct and necessary, but the politically-exposed execution creates fragility—decade-long rare earth projects require transparency and continuity that transcends administration-adjacent investment patterns.

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In 2025, the United States is finally treating rare earths and critical minerals not as footnotes to climate policy, but as the industrial and national-security bedrock they truly are. On this front, President Donald Trump’s second administration has done more—decisively, materially, and unapologetically—than any recent president in U.S. history. The machinery of the federal capital is moving. Projects are advancing. Choke points long discussed in white papers are finally being addressed with real money.

And yet, alongside this long-overdue industrial awakening—which Rare Earth Exchanges™ (REEx) applauds,  a parallel narrative has taken hold—one that does not allege illegality, but raises unavoidable questions about proximity, access, and durability when federal industrial policy intersects with Trump-world investment networks.

Rare Earth Exchanges believes both truths matter. One does not negate the other.

Industrial Policy, Finally Taken Seriously

Let us be clear: Trump 2.0 has treated the rare earth and critical mineral supply chain with urgency and seriousness unmatched in modern U.S. policy. The administration has moved beyond speeches and into capital formation, deploying tools historically reserved for wartime mobilization—emergency actions, conditional lending, equity participation, warrants, and Defense Production Act authorities.

This is not incrementalism. This is a structural intervention of the type we have been calling for since our launch in October 2024. In fact, REEx argues America needs even more critical mineral and rare earth element industrial policy.

In addition to the game-changing investment into MP Materials, a more recent example is the Office of Strategic Capital (opens in a new tab)–backed financing package involving Vulcan Elements (opens in a new tab) and ReElement Technologies (opens in a new tab), aimed squarely at America’s dependence on foreign NdFeB permanent magnets—one of the most acute vulnerabilities in the defense-industrial base.

According to official Department of Defense releases, the structure includes:

• $700 million in conditional federal loans ($620M to Vulcan, $80M to ReElement),
• warrants issued to the Department of Defense,
• a $50 million preliminary CHIPS Act incentive letter of intent, and
• explicit federal equity participation in Vulcan.

This is not a procurement contract. Much like the MP Materials deal, it is hybrid industrial finance, deployed at scale, in a strategic choke-point sector. From an industrial-policy perspective, it is exactly what REEx suggests is necessary—and still insufficient.

Where Optics Enter the Equation

The political charge entered when multiple outlets reported that Vulcan is backed by 1789 Capital (opens in a new tab), a venture fund in which Donald Trump Jr. is a partner. Vulcan, the fund, and federal officials deny favoritism, and no evidence of wrongdoing has been presented. Reuters and others have been careful on this point.

But in modern Washington, optics travel alongside capital.

The issue is not quid pro quo. It is repeatability. When multiple strategically favored projects intersect with administration-adjacent investment networks, even merit-based deals acquire a fragility that purely technical projects do not.

That fragility matters because rare earth and magnet projects require decade-long policy continuity. FOIA actions, congressional inquiries, inspector-general reviews, and the risk of reversal under future administrations are not theoretical—they are standard operating procedure in politically exposed sectors. Especially in the volatile political system we seem to be evolving into.

Not an Isolated Pattern

The Vulcan case is not alone.

Financial Times reporting has highlighted Unusual Machines (opens in a new tab), a drone company in which Trump Jr. reportedly holds a stake, receiving an Army contract for drone motors and components. Importantly, no wrongdoing is alleged. Again, the issue is proximity. Reuters has separately documented the rise of 1789 Capital as a MAGA-aligned investment vehicle unusually close to political fundraising and access networks—explicitly noting the absence of illegality, while underscoring the structural risks when presidential family members hold exposure to sectors sensitive to federal contracting and deregulation.

Even projects without Trump family linkage, such as ElementUSA’s $850 million (opens in a new tab) critical minerals processing facility in Louisiana, reflect the same policy environment: stacked federal and state incentives, DPA awards, workforce subsidies, and infrastructure support layered rapidly to accelerate favored projects. This is a form of industrial policy in motion—but not always with transparency commensurate to its scale.

What This Means for REEx Readers

For Rare Earth Exchanges™ readers (many of whom are investors), the takeaway is neither cynical nor naive.

First: President Trump deserves credit.

The rare earth and critical mineral supply chain is finally being treated as a strategic imperative. Equity, warrants, and conditional lending are now on the table. This is a breakthrough moment—and REEx has argued consistently that even more aggressive action is required.

Second: optics are now a material risk factor.

In politically exposed sectors like rare earths, perception can shape outcomes as powerfully as metallurgy, throughput, or unit economics. Projects entangled—fairly or not—with insider narratives face higher scrutiny and lower durability.

The tragedy would beallowing necessary industrial policy to become politically brittle.

The opportunity is to separate the correctness of the strategy from the fragility of its execution.

Rare Earth Exchanges exists precisely for this reason: to keep markets, media, and government honest—while never losing sight of the stakes. The United States cannot afford to fumble this moment. The magnet supply chain does not care about politics. China certainly does not.

Industrial policy has arrived. Now it must expand, become more intelligent, and endure.

© 2025 Rare Earth Exchanges™ – Accelerating Transparency, Accuracy, and Insight Across the Rare Earth & Critical Minerals Supply Chain.