Here is the information converted into an unordered list in HTML:

Highlights

• Researchers achieved 87% accuracy predicting critical mineral supply disruptions two years ahead using XGBoost machine learning on trade and geopolitical data.
• Engineering analysis showed redundant transport pathways offer the highest risk reduction (0.70 factor), while stockpiling remains most cost-effective for resilience.
• Circular economy simulations revealed 60% material recovery cuts virgin demand by 45%, reduces CO₂ by 180 kilotons yearly, and saves $400 million annually.

---

In a landmark paper published in the Journal of Computer Science and Technology Studies (October 2025), Ashrafur Rahman Nabil (opens in a new tab) of St. Francis College (New York) and colleagues from Central Michigan University and Trine University propose an ambitious, data-driven solution (opens in a new tab) to one of America’s most pressing industrial vulnerabilities: critical mineral security.

Their study, “Enhancing U.S. Critical Mineral Supply Chain Security Through Predictive Analytics, Risk Control Engineering and Circular Economy Logistics,” presents a three-pronged framework merging machine-learning foresight, engineered resilience, and recycling logistics to predict—and blunt—disruptions across the rare-earth and critical-mineral supply chain.

When Algorithms Become Strategic Assets

The researchers trained machine learning models (including XGBoost, Recurrent Neural Networks, and Random Forests) on trade and geopolitical data to forecast supply disruptions 2 years in advance. The XGBoost model achieved 87% accuracy, outperforming others in predicting high-risk quarters that coincided with seasonal shipping and political choke points.

In policy terms, such predictive capacity could transform U.S. mineral procurement from reactive firefighting into strategic anticipation—a kind of “early-warning radar” for the material foundations of the clean-energy economy.

Engineering Resilience: Building Slack Into the System

Beyond data science, the study re-examined good old-fashioned engineering. Using Failure Mode and Effects Analysis and bow-tie risk diagrams, the authors evaluated interventions such as redundant transport corridors, supplier diversification, and stockpiling. The clear winner was redundant pathways, yielding a 0.70 Risk Reduction Factor—though the most cost-effective remained stockpiling, echoing Cold-War-era lessons on material readiness.

Circular Economy as the Unsung Hero

Perhaps the most compelling finding came from the circular-economy simulations. A 60% recovery rate in recycled materials cut virgin-material demand by 45%, reduced emissions by 180 kilotons of CO₂ per year, and saved an estimated $400 million annually. In essence, waste became security—recycling reframed as national-defense logistics.

What It Means—and What It Doesn’t

This integrated “predict-engineer-recycle” model is bold in scope. It reframes critical minerals not as a linear supply problem but as a living ecosystem of data, infrastructure, and reuse. Still, the study’s limitations deserve note: it relies on modeled data rather than live-chain validation, omits international coordination challenges, and assumes strong political alignment between industry and government—a tall order in Washington’s current climate.

The Takeaway

Nabil et al. offer the rarest commodity of all: a systems-level blueprint that treats data analytics, risk engineering, and sustainability as one continuum. For investors and policymakers, the message is clear—resilience will depend not just on mining more, but on knowing more, designing smarter, and wasting less.

2025 Rare Earth Exchanges™ – Accelerating Transparency, Accuracy, and Insight Across the Rare Earth & Critical Minerals Supply Chain.