Finland

Finland mines no rare earths, and USGS lists no Finnish production or reserves.

Sokli, in Savukoski in eastern Lapland, is being developed by Sokli Oy, a subsidiary of state-owned Finnish Minerals Group. The deposit contains phosphate, iron, rare earths, niobium and uranium, and phosphate is the planned main product.

The state has funded a study at Sokli with a pilot mine and pilot concentrator, which the government calls a feasibility study and Finnish Minerals Group a prefeasibility study. The pilot centers on phosphate and iron, with rare earths among the products to be examined.

Korsnäs is a former lead mine where a pilot rare-earth concentrate was produced, with the rare earths held in minerals including allanite and apatite. ASX-listed European Resources, through its Finnish subsidiary Bambra, is re-examining the old mine's rock, tailings and lanthanide dump.

Terrafame, owned mainly by Finnish Minerals Group and Trafigura, mines nickel at Sotkamo and has launched a study of recovering scandium there. Terrafame calls scandium a rare earth element; USGS excludes most scandium from its rare-earth figures.

The open question is whether rare earths become a product at Sokli or Korsnäs, or stay a by-product under study.