Chile, Argentina, Peru and Bolivia Forge Strategic Minerals Pact as Resource States Move Downstream

Highlights

• Chile, Argentina, Peru and Bolivia signed a strategic minerals pact targeting investment across the full regional mining value chain, not just extraction.
• Indonesia's sovereign wealth fund Danantara is building a domestic EV ecosystem to capture more value from nickel, cobalt and aluminum before export.
• Rare earths illustrate the core challenge: mining sovereignty without control of processing, separation, and magnet manufacturing is incomplete sovereignty.
• The emerging contest in critical minerals is no longer just China versus the West—it is resource nations challenging the old mine-and-export model.
• South America's real test is converting extraordinary geology into integrated industrial ecosystems with chemical plants, smelters, refineries and long-term customers.