USGS Maps America's Grid Mineral Exposure as Data Centers Drive Power Demand

Highlights

• The U.S. imported 100% of manganese, 77% of silver, 73% of zinc, 60% of aluminum, and 57% of copper consumption in 2025.
• America's grid holds 60–80 million transformers and over 160,000 miles of high-voltage transmission lines, all requiring critical minerals.
• Data center expansion multiplies upstream mineral demand, making grid materials a second-order AI investment theme.
• Import reliance percentages reflect total U.S. consumption, not direct Chinese dependence or an imminent supply shortage.
• USGS warns greater mineral quantities will be required as data centers expand and new energy resources connect to the grid.