The Vietnamese Government

The Vietnamese Government sets the rules for Vietnam’s rare-earth sector through national law and state agencies. Under the 2025 Law on Geology and Minerals, only state-designated or state-approved entities may explore, mine or process rare earths, and export is limited to deep-processed products on a list approved by the Prime Minister. Oversight of geology and minerals passed to the Ministry of Industry and Trade on September 15, 2026. The Dong Pao deposit in Lai Chau is licensed to Lavreco, a unit of state mining group Vinacomin, according to The Investor.